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VAT
After Supreme Court Decision of
20th September 2013
1. By the order dt. 26/09/2013, the Supreme Court disposed of 26 Appeals, 14 from Karnataka and 12 from Maharashtra on the subject matter of Value Added Tax, levied on the transaction of sale of flats under construction.
2. M/s. Larsen & Toubro had filed an appeal on the subject matter VAT which was heard by two judge bench of the Supreme Court. The Bench expressed its differences with the earlier decision of 2007 by the Division Bench in K. Raheja Developers Vs. Karnataka State and referred the matter for review of the earlier decision to the larger bench. The larger bench was constituted under Justice R.M. Lodha and two other Judges. This bench, therefore, considered all the matters pertaining to VAT including the appeals filed by the builders of Maharashtra on the Bombay High Court Decision of April 2012.
3. Thus this Bench had two issues for its consideration (1) whether the decision given in 2007 on K. Raheja Developers needs revision and (2) The constitutionality of the amended Sec. 2 (24) of Maharashtra Value Added
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Tax Act 2005. The Bench decided both the issues in favour of the State Governments and dismissed all the appeals.
[3] From the Consumers / Flat Purchasers point of view, this judgement is very important for the following issues – namely,
A] The Builders are declared statutorily liable for the payment of VAT to the State Government.
B] The Agreements under Maharashtra Ownership Flat Act. 1963 or 1970, are declared Works contract for the levying of VAT.
C] The date of Agreement to sale is to be considered for the levying of VAT. The work to be carried out or completed after the date of Agreement is chargeable for VAT. The work completed prior to date of Agreement is not chargeable for VAT.
This rule renders any demand of VAT amount made by the Builders illegal if it is calculated on the basis of average of VAT amount payable on the entire project.
Those Flat holders, who have paid the VAT amount as per the demand of the Builders and whose Agreement to sale is registered on or before 31st March 2010 and after 20th June 2006, need to lodge a complaint with the Commissioner of Sales Tax for excess demand / payment of VAT amount. The purchasers lodging a complaint can claim refund of excess amount paid directly from the state Government.
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D] Those flat holders who have entered into a sale Purchase Agreement on or after 1st April 2010 can be subjected to payment of VAT amount at 1% of the value of the Agreement, provided that the Builder was registered under MVAT Act on the date of Agreement, and also with reference to the date of Agreement.
However this 1% rate will apply only to that part of the value of the Agreement which pertains to the work incomplete on the date of Agreement. The work completed prior to date of Agreement can not charged for the VAT even under the Composite scheme of VAT.
E] In the PIL 142/2012, which is scheduled for admission hearing on 23/10/2013, we have raised issues as under,
A) The constitutionality of Sec. 42 (3) A of the MVAT Act. 2005.
B) Whether the Builders, unregistered on the date of transaction can collect VAT from the flat purchasers ? And
c) The rate of VAT and the calculation of VAT under Rule 58 (1) and 58 (1) A of MVAT Act. 2005.
Out of these three issues, the constitutionality of Sec. 42 (3) A stands decided by the Judgement Order dt. 26/09/2013 of the Supreme Court. The issues pertaining to the applicability of VAT in terms of the provisions of MVAT Act. 2005 remains unresolved and can be decided by the Bombay High Court in PIL 142/ 2012.
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4. The main question in everybodys mind is what is the impact on Flat Purchaser of the decision of the Supreme Court. This question has to be answered with variation in the facts of each sale Purchase Contract and Therefore, there can not be a uniform impact on all Flat Purchasers.
5. Before we consider the impact on Flat Purchasers we will have to consider the impact on the State Government and The Builders, which will be tried to be transferred on Flat Parchasers.
The Builders will have revise their returns filed on or before 31st October 2012 and restructure them on the basis of the each sale – purchase contract of individual Flat. This is hurculeon task and can take quite some time. Mean while Builders will definitely put pressure on the State Government to revise the scheme of taxation for the period 2006 – 2010. Considering the complicated system of calculation of tax and difficulties in assessment, as also the impending elections, the State Government may consider the proposal of the Builders favourably.
6. Meanwhile the Builders may put tremendous pressure on the Flat purchasers to pay VAT amount. The Flat Purchasers should demand the calculation of VAT amount based on his personal contract. Unless Builders
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give such calculation, no payment be made to the Builders.
We are trying to engage some Chartered Accountants to help Flat Purchasers in verifying the demand of the Builders Such help shall be for fees to the Chartered Accountants.
7. We have taken, right from August 2012 very consistant stand in regard to VAT which stands vindicated by the Judgement of the Supreme Court. The issues pertaining to the calculation and applicatity of VAT in terms of MVAT Act 2005 are pending before the Bombay High Court in PIL 142/2012.
8. To Summerise,
A] The Supreme Court Judgement has ruled that the VAT is applicable to all transactions of Sale of Flats under Construction.
B] The issues pertaining to the applicability and the authority of the Builder to recover VAT amount from the flat parchasers are pending before the Bombay High Court and to the extent, subject to admission of PIL, the matter is subjudice.
C] Unless the Builders give revised calculation of VAT amount no Flat purchaser should pay VAT amount to the Builder. Those who have already paid VAT amount to the Builder should file a complaint with the Sales Tax
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Commissioner for excessive demand / payment of VAT amount.
9. Thus, de jure the position and liability of the Builders and Flat Purchasers have changed but de facto the situation remains the same, that is DO NOT PAY VAT AMOUNT TO THE BUILDER AND IF AIREADY PAID FILE A COMPLAINT WITH THE SALES TAX COMMISSIONER.
29th September 2013 Sudhakar Velankar
Grahak Hitvardhini
09850758305
sudhakarvelankar@gmail.com